Prepare the Dough – In a medium bowl, whisk together flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Set aside.
Cream Butter & Sugar – In a large bowl, beat butter and sugar until light and fluffy (about 2 minutes).
Add Wet Ingredients – Mix in the egg, lemon zest, lemon juice, and vanilla extract until well combined.
Combine with Dry Ingredients – Gradually add the flour mixture, alternating with sour cream, and mix until just combined.
Fold in Blueberries – Gently fold in the blueberries with a spatula. If using frozen blueberries, toss them in a little flour first to prevent color bleeding.
Scoop & Bake – Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C). Line a baking sheet with parchment paper. Scoop tablespoon-sized portions of dough onto the sheet, spacing them 2 inches apart. Bake for 12-14 minutes, or until edges are lightly golden.
Cool & Glaze – Let cookies cool on the baking sheet for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack. While they cool, whisk together powdered sugar, lemon juice, and zest for the glaze. Drizzle over cooled cookies and let it set before serving.